Exploring the Potential of Digitalisation in Urban Public Spaces to Enhance Place-Attachment through Genius Loci

Abstract

The degradation of local culture amidst the digitalisation wave has created a paradox in public space management. Genius loci plays a crucial role in maintaining place attachment while simultaneously responding to the demands of the times. Therefore, exploring the potential of digitalisation to strengthen the genius loci as a foundation for enhancing place attachment at Gurindam Dua Belas Park in Tanjungpinang is relevant. In this context, historical and cultural values ​​serve not only as heritage but also as strategic instruments for developing the affective, cognitive, and behavioural dimensions of public engagement with public spaces.

This study employed a quantitative-exploratory method, combining field observations and a survey of 15 visitors. Although the affective dimension did not emerge significantly, the results indicated that place attachment at Gurindam Dua Belas Park was more influenced by the cognitive dimension, which reflects visitors' understanding of historical and cultural values. This suggests that knowledge and meaning are the primary foundation for visitor engagement in the context of heritage-based public spaces, driving the development of the cultural heritage. Furthermore, an evaluation of six digital intervention elements prioritised the augmented reality-based circular node, followed by audio-enabled seating and interactive information boards.

Overall, the integration of digital technology rooted in local characteristics and inclusive design principles can strengthen genius loci to enhance community engagement with public spaces. This study recommends the gradual implementation of digital elements as a sustainable strategy to maintain the relevance of Malay history and culture across generations.